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Glossary of Cancer Terms
Bragg Peak
A special characteristic of charged particles, such as protons, where they release most of their energy at a specific depth just before stopping. In medical use, this allows radiation to be delivered precisely to tumors, reducing damage to healthy surrounding tissues.
Conventional Radiation Therapy
A type of radiation treatment using gamma rays, X-rays, or electron beams to treat cancer.
Electron Radiation Therapy
A form of conventional radiation therapy using electron beams. Electron beams have limited depth, making them ideal for treating tumors close to the skin’s surface.
Localized Therapy
Cancer treatments, such as radiation therapy or surgery, aimed specifically at the tumor and nearby areas, without affecting the rest of the body.
Metastasis
The spread of cancer cells from the original tumor to other parts of the body, leading to new tumors.
Pencil Beam Scanning (PBS)
A proton therapy technique that delivers radiation layer by layer to the tumor, similar to painting with a fine brush. This method precisely shapes the radiation dose to match the tumor, maximizing treatment effectiveness.
Proton
A positively charged particle used in proton therapy to target and destroy cancer cells.
Proton Therapy
An advanced type of radiation therapy using protons instead of X-rays, offering more precise tumor targeting and less damage to healthy tissues.
Radiation Therapy
A cancer treatment using radiation to destroy cancer cells. Approximately half of all cancer patients receive this type of treatment.
Simulation Imaging
Medical imaging methods (MRI, CT scans, or PET scans) performed before radiation therapy to create detailed 3D images. These images help doctors accurately locate tumors and nearby organs, enabling a precise treatment plan.
Radiation Therapy Side Effects
Unintended damage or effects on healthy tissues caused by radiation treatment.
Tumor
An abnormal mass or growth of cells. Tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) and may occur in any part of the body.
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